![]() We propose fixation latency (i.e., the time taken by the observer since the danger's appearance to first fixate on it) as a measure that can account for amelioration in hazard perception. ![]() 6, 7 This literature suggests the existence of lacks in the scanning patterns of novices probably due to an informational problem related to the absence of a mental model of what cues might hint at the upcoming dangerous situation. ![]() Moreover, Fisher and colleagues demonstrated that novices can improve their ability to deploy attention to critical regions during driving if they are trained to appreciate where they should be looking to reduce risks. ![]() 5 Such differences are likely to influence the analysis of the visual scene. 4 Later, it was found that a measure of information processing, such as mean fixation duration, is influenced by driving experience with longer fixations for novice drivers. 3 As early as 1972 Mourant and Rockwell demonstrated that the scanning patterns of novice drivers were distributed over a smaller part of the visual scene with respect to those of experienced drivers. 2Įye tracking is a valuable methodology to evaluate the visual search patterns of drivers and the identification of a risky object when it appears. This might be particularly so for inexperienced drivers that, according to the analysis of McKnight and McKnight of 2,000 police crash reports, experience accidents because of failures of attention and visual search, and not because of high speed and risky behaviors. The drivers' failure to perceive road-traffic hazards is often due to the fact that they overlook certain areas of the street while ignoring others. 1 conducted a five year study of 2,258 automobile accidents and discovered that, of the 57 percent of accidents solely due to human error, 90 percent depended on “perceptual” errors and 10 percent were categorized as caused by human response errors. T he recognition and response to dangerous traffic events as they arise (so-called hazard perception) represents a human factor of extreme relevance in safe driving. ![]()
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